Causality modelling in healthcare

Foundation Paper 1

A value-based Healthcare approach to Emergency care

By Seb Kerr & Neil Milner

This article, authored by CareCosting founders Seb Kerr and Neil Milner and built through collaboration with York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation trust, focuses on the challenges hospitals face in managing patient demand and resources, especially in emergency care settings.

We explore the limitations of current PLICS costing models and propose a value-based healthcare approach that considers both supply and demand factors. Our aim is to foster meaningful discussions on improving operational efficiency and patient care quality in healthcare delivery. Looking forward to engaging with the community on these important 

Foundation Paper 2

A&E Frequent Attendees:             
A value-based Healthcare approach to Emergency care

By Seb Kerr & Neil Milner

This paper studies how the accurate management of resources and effective delivery of care are paramount in ensuring the sustainability and success of Accident and Emergency (A&E) departments. One crucial aspect of this is understanding the dynamics surrounding frequent attendees in A&E settings.

These patients, who repeatedly seek care at emergency departments, present a unique set of challenges and opportunities for NHS Trusts. In this paper, we explore the importance of understanding frequent attendees in A&E departments and the implications it holds for resource allocation, financial sustainability, patient experience, and quality of care.


By delving into the complexities surrounding frequent attendees, healthcare providers can better navigate the challenges and leverage opportunities to enhance the overall effectiveness and efficiency of A&E departments.

Foundation Paper 3

Pathology Direct Access
Retest Threshold

By Seb Kerr & Neil Milner

Foundation Paper 3 explores within healthcare data management, traditional Patient-Level Information and Costing Systems (PLICS) have been pivotal for financial oversight and resource distribution.

However, their conventional handling of Direct Access testing has been criticized for its limited capacity to provide actionable insights. 

In contrast, the emergence of the Plixology approach offers a paradigm shift. With refined data management and enhanced analytical capabilities, Plixology stands as a beacon of innovation, promising to revolutionize healthcare delivery and elevate patient outcomes.

Through this exploration, we delve into the transformative potential of Plixology in reshaping the healthcare landscape for the better.

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